Jason Nguyen | ||
Age: 8 months | ||
Diagnosis: Upper airway obstruction secondary to croup | ||
0:00 | You arrived at the infant. | |
0:02 | ✓ | You attached the pulse oximeter. It is a good idea to monitor the saturation and pulse here. This will allow you to reassess the infant continuously. |
0:10 | Infant status - ECG: Sinus rhythm. Heart rate: 162. Pulse: Present. Blood pressure: 78/55 mmHg. Respiration: 28. Conscious state: Appropriate. SpO2: 97%. Temp: 38.1 °C | |
0:19 | ✓ | You listened to the lungs of the infant. There is nasal flaring and a lot of high-pitched noises are coming from the airway. |
0:23 | You performed head tilt/chin lift. | |
0:25 | ✓ | You asked the parent: What happened. The parent replied: 'He has been feeling sick since yesterday. But now it has gotten worse' |
0:31 | ✓ | You asked the parent: When the problems started. The parent replied: 'Yesterday' |
0:35 | ✓ | You asked the parent: Have you noticed any change in behavior and mood? The parent replied: 'He has been sick and cranky since he woke up yesterday' |
0:41 | You asked the parent: Has he been coughing or had a hoarse voice? The parent replied: 'Yes, both. And he has a strange barking cough' | |
0:47 | ! | You placed an oxygen mask on the infant. It is correct to give oxygen. However, you should use a mask type that enables a higher oxygen concentration. |
0:51 | You turned the oxygen on. | |
0:52 | ✓ | You started giving the infant warm, humidified oxygen. This is correct. Infants should get warm and humidified oxygen to avoid hypothermia and obstruction of small airways with dried secretions. |
0:59 | ✓ | You attached the automatic noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) measurement cuff. This is correct. This will allow you to reassess the infant frequently. |
1:09 | ✓ | You checked the capillary refill time. The capillary refill time was less than 2 seconds. It is correct to assess the peripheral circulation. |
1:10 | Infant status - ECG: Sinus rhythm. Heart rate: 165. Pulse: Present. Blood pressure: 80/56 mmHg. Respiration: 33. Conscious state: Appropriate. SpO2: 96%. Temp: 38.1 °C | |
1:15 | ✓ | You examined the infant's skin. He appears flushed and his skin is warm and dry. |
1:23 | ✓ | You applied the Color-Coded Length-Based Resuscitation Tape. Please note that the tape shows doses based on the average of the weight range for this length category. |
1:29 | You asked the parent: Has he wet his diapers within the last twelve hours? The parent replied: 'Yes. It has been as usual.' | |
1:35 | You asked the parent: When did he last have anything to eat or drink? The parent replied: 'He drank about an hour ago' | |
1:41 | ✓ | You checked the temperature at the ear. The temperature was 38.1 °C. It is correct to measure the temperature. |
1:49 | xxx | You obtained IV access in the arm. Do not agitate the infant with this procedure as it may cause the situation to deteriorate even further. |
2:09 | ✓ | You placed a 0.25 mL dose of racemic epinephrine in a nebulizer. This is part of the correct treatment here. |
2:09 | x | Remember to ask the parent about allergies before administering drugs. |
2:10 | Infant status - ECG: Sinus rhythm. Heart rate: 166. Pulse: Present. Blood pressure: 79/55 mmHg. Respiration: 36. Conscious state: Appropriate. SpO2: 96%. Temp: 38.1 °C | |
2:37 | ✓ | You listened to the lungs of the infant. There is nasal flaring and a lot of high-pitched noises are coming from the airway. |
3:10 | Infant status - ECG: Sinus rhythm. Heart rate: 165. Pulse: Present. Blood pressure: 78/55 mmHg. Respiration: 37. Conscious state: Appropriate. SpO2: 97%. Temp: 38.2 °C | |
3:15 | You stopped the nebulized racemic epinephrine | |
3:19 | ✓ | You placed a 0.25 mL dose of racemic epinephrine in a nebulizer. |
x | You should consider administering steroids here. | |
3:39 | ✓ | You took a blood gas sample. It is reasonable to check the arterial blood gases here. |
3:44 | ✓ | You checked blood glucose. It was 87 mg/dL. |
3:55 | ✓ | You ordered a chest X-ray. This is correct. |
4:10 | Infant status - ECG: Sinus rhythm. Heart rate: 156. Pulse: Present. Blood pressure: 80/56 mmHg. Respiration: 32. Conscious state: Appropriate. SpO2: 98%. Temp: 38.2 °C | |
4:27 | ✓ | You listened to the lungs of the infant. A lot of noises are coming from the airway. |
4:56 | ✓ | You listened to the lungs of the infant. The breath sounds are normal. |
5:01 | ✓ | You listened to the lungs of the infant. The breath sounds are normal. |
5:10 | Infant status - ECG: Sinus rhythm. Heart rate: 154. Pulse: Present. Blood pressure: 77/54 mmHg. Respiration: 25. Conscious state: Appropriate. SpO2: 98%. Temp: 38.2 °C | |
5:48 | ✓ | You transferred the infant. It was reasonable to transfer the infant at this point. |
Unboosted: You got 19 points out of 29 possible points and 31 percent deduction. | ||
You got 38% | ||
Read more about the management of this case in the PALS Provider Manual: Management of Respiratory Distress and Failure |